By Kim Bell and Robert Patrick, St. Louis Post-Dispatch

CLAYTON, Mo. — Ferguson police Officer Darren Wilson testified here for almost four hours Tuesday in front of the St. Louis County grand jury investigating his Aug. 9 shooting of Michael Brown, a source with knowledge of the investigation said Wednesday.

Wilson was not obligated to appear, and also has spoken with St. Louis County investigators twice and federal investigators once, the source said. The source said Wilson was “cooperative.”

A spokesman for Prosecuting Attorney Robert P. McCulloch’s office, Ed Magee, refused to comment Wednesday on who has testified.

The shooting of Brown, 18, an African-American who was unarmed, by Wilson, who is white, gave rise to racially charged protests and looting. Some activists have threatened more of the same if the grand jury does not indict Wilson.

Police have said that Brown struggled with Wilson before being shot. Brown’s family and some witnesses have said Brown was surrendering when he died. Others who have spoken publicly said it was not clear what Brown was doing when he turned toward Wilson after fleeing from their initial encounter.

McCulloch has pledged to present every witness and every shred of evidence to let the grand jurors independently decide whether to indict Wilson, without the prosecutor making a recommendation. Magee has said that prosecutors will help them navigate legal issues.

Veteran defense lawyer John Rogers, who is not involved in this case, said Wednesday, “It’s unusual but not unheard of for a prosecutor to extend an invitation” for the target of an investigation to testify to a grand jury. He said he has rarely allowed it.

Witnesses cannot take their lawyers inside the grand jury chamber, although they may interrupt the proceedings to go outside for a consultation.

“You don’t always want to preview what your defense would be at such an early stage,” Rogers explained. He added, “I would only consider allowing my client to testify at a grand jury proceeding if I was convinced that the prosecutor presenting the evidence to the (grand jury) was convinced that his testimony would help them reach the decision not to indict.”

Attorney Chet Pleban, who is not part of this case but has represented a number of accused police officers, said that sworn grand jury testimony could be used in any state or federal prosecution, potentially exposing the witness to damaging questions.

“The problem in this case is, one way or the other, his story had to be told in order for this grand jury to know what was in his mind,” Pleban said. “And I don’t know any way to accomplish that other than to have him testify.”

Wilson must persuade grand jurors that he acted in reasonable fear of death or serious injury, Pleban said, “And he’s pretty much the only one that can do that.”

Evidence is being presented to a grand jury that was empaneled before the shooting, with a term recently extended at the prosecutor’s request to Jan. 7. At one point, McCulloch had predicted a decision in October.

The pace remains uncertain, but Tiffany Mitchell, a witness to the shooting who has spoken publicly about what she saw, has not yet been subpoenaed, her lawyer, Peter Cohen, said Wednesday.

McCulloch took the rare step of having audio recordings and a transcript made of the secret proceedings, with a promise to release them publicly if there is no indictment. McGee acknowledged that opening the material would require an order from a judge, who could say no.

Jim Cohen, an associate professor of law at Fordham University, told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch last month that grand jury material rarely has been made public anywhere, even to scholars researching historical cases. He also worried that fear of being publicly identified might inhibit witnesses.

Magee said McCulloch’s office has talked about the potential effect on witnesses “a little bit” and “it’s still being discussed.” He said prosecutors could decide to withhold witness names, especially those who are not police officers and may have particular safety issues.

He said the names of the grand jurors will not be made public, and it was unclear whether documents would be released that necessarily would carry the foreperson’s signature.

Magee said the timing of the announcement of the grand jury’s decision, once it’s made, is “still being discussed.”

Back on Aug. 13, McCulloch urged that “anyone and everyone” with relevant information come forward. He said then that, “Absolutely everything will be presented to the grand jury, every scrap of paper that we have, every photograph that was taken, every bit of physical evidence that has been gathered, every video clip, anything that we can get.”

“Every witness who has anything at all to say will be presented to the grand jury,” he promised.

McCulloch has delegated management of the grand jury to two assistants: Kathi Alizadeh and Sheila Whirley. Alizadeh, who is white, is a homicide prosecutor with 27 years of experience.
Whirley, who is black, has the grand jury assignment, with 18 years of experience.

Christine Byers of the Post-Dispatch contributed to this report.

AFP Photo/Joshua Lott

Interested in national news? Sign up for our daily email newsletter!