Tag: federal reserve board
Lisa Cook

Lying With Impunity: Nepo Billionaire Pulte Framed Lisa Cook

A few weeks back, Bill Pulte, the Federal Housing Finance Agency Director (FHFA) and the billionaire heir to a housing construction firm, claimed to have found evidence that Federal Reserve Board Governor Lisa Cook had committed mortgage fraud. Donald Trump immediately tried to fire Cook from her position at the Fed, with the intention of getting another seat on the Fed’s seven-person board.

This attempted firing raised several serious questions. Most immediately, whether the FHFA Director is supposed to be rifling through the mortgage documents of Trump’s political opponents.

Previously, Pulte had claimed to have found evidence that California Senator Adam Schiff had committed mortgage fraud. Schiff had led the first impeachment case against Trump in 2019, as a member of the House. Pulte also claimed to have found evidence of mortgage fraud by Letitia James, the Attorney General of New York, who had gotten a civil conviction against Trump for, among other things, lying on loan forms.

But it also raised questions about Trump’s power as president. While the Republican Supreme Court claimed to find wording in the Constitution that allowed the president to freely fire members of ostensibly independent agencies like the Federal Trade Commission, which overseas antitrust law, and the National Labor Relations Board, which monitors labor law violations, it also apparently found wording that prevented the president from behaving similarly towards the Fed.

The Republican Supreme Court’s argument for the Fed’s special treatment was a bit more complicated, but it would only be a slight simplification to say that it was because the Fed is important. The Court apparently accepted the argument of the vast majority of economists that it would be bad news to have a Fed under the complete control of the president. For this reason, they appeared to leave in place the pre-existing standard for appointees of independent agencies, that they could only be removed for cause.

This is where Pulte’s accusation appeared useful. Trump could now pronounce Cook, a Black woman (like Letitia James), guilty of mortgage fraud, and therefore someone who could be fired for cause. This was never the open and shut case that Trump and his sycophants claimed.

First, it was not clear that what Cook had allegedly done amounted to fraud. According to Pulte, she had listed two different homes as primary residences on mortgage applications. If true, this might violate the law, but it is a common breach that is rarely prosecuted. It turns out three Trump cabinet members, as well as Mr. Pulte’s parents, seem to have done the same thing. If Cook’s actions had violated the law, it probably ranks as something somewhat more serious than a traffic ticket, but considerably less serious than the spousal abuse that Trump laughed off as a real crime earlier this week.

There was also the second point, that the alleged offense had occurred prior to Cook’s appointment to the Fed. Can “cause” refer to an action someone had done before being appointed to office?

There were allegations of sexual assault against Trump Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth before his appointment. RFK Jr. was an admitted heroin addict in his youth. While both cabinet members are political appointees, who clearly hold their positions at the president’s discretion, would these past offenses in principle be grounds for removal for cause?

And then there is the final point. Cook was never proven to have done anything wrong. All Trump had was Pulte’s accusation of wrongdoing.

It turns out Pulte’s accusation is not worth very much. NBC News, among other news outlets, obtained loan documents showing that Cook had identified her Atlanta house as a “vacation home,” which would seem to be in full compliance with the law. The question is now whether Trump can fire a Fed governor over a seemingly false allegation from one of his political appointees. That seems to be a pretty clear-cut loss for Team Trump, but I can’t speak for the Republican Supreme Court.

Since we’re on the topic of Trump lies, let me digress for a moment to the assassination of Charlie Kirk. First, no one should in any way applaud this act. As my eighth-grade teacher told the 13-year-old idiots celebrating the shooting of George Wallace in 1972, you kill the movement, not the man. Like Wallace, Kirk was a real human being, with friends and family. His death is a tragedy.

But moving to the broader political context, Team Trump moved to weaponize the shooting before the body was even cold, blaming the left for the killing at a point where they knew nothing about the shooter. They looked to purges of the media, schools and universities, and all other institutions.

Now that the suspect, Tyler Robinson, is in custody, it appears that the motivation for the killing was more likely to have come from the right than from the left. It’s still early, and more information will surely come out, but one thing that seems clear from this shooting is that it was done by a troubled young man who had too easy access to guns. The same is true of Thomas Cook, the 20-year-old man who shot Donald Trump in Butler Pennsylvania last summer.

Trump and his supporters are quick to blame these shootings on a mysterious “they,” implying that it is somehow part of a grand plot by the left. But like the charges against Cook, the story of the plot is a lie, invented entirely by Team Trump. Lying is apparently a way of life for those born into families with billions, but the rest of the country should not have to suffer the consequences of the lies from the rich and very rich.

Dean Baker is a senior economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research and the author of the 2016 book Rigged: How Globalization and the Rules of the Modern Economy Were Structured to Make the Rich Richer. Please consider subscribing to his Substack site.

Reprinted with permission from Dean Baker

We Are All Lisa Cook: Trump's Weaponized Government Endangers Everyone

We Are All Lisa Cook: Trump's Weaponized Government Endangers Everyone

Donald Trump is threatening to fire Lisa Cook, a member of the Federal Reserve’s Board of Governors, over allegations that she made false claims on mortgage applications before she went to the Fed.

I am not going to lead with a discussion of what Cook may or may not have done. That would be playing Trump’s game. Clearly, he’s just looking for a pretext to fire someone who isn’t a loyalist — and who happens, surprise, to be a black woman. If you write about politics and imagine that Trump cares about mortgage fraud — or for that matter believe anything Trump officials say about the affair without independent confirmation — you should find a different profession. Maybe you should go into agricultural field work, to help offset the labor shortages created by Trump’s deportations.

The real story here isn’t about Cook, or mortgages. It’s about the way the Trump administration is weaponizing government against political opponents, critics, or anyone it finds inconvenient.

You should think about the attack on Cook in the same context as mortgage fraud accusations made against California Senator Adam Schiff and New York Attorney General Letitia James. Or you should look at the attacks on Jerome Powell, the Federal Reserve chair, over the cost of renovations at the Fed’s headquarters. Or the still mysterious raid on the house of John Bolton, who at one time was Trump’s national security adviser.

The message here clearly isn’t “Don’t commit fraud,” which would be laughable coming from Donald Trump, of all people. Nor, despite what some commentators have said, is it all about revenge — although Trump is, indeed, a remarkably vindictive person. But mainly it’s about intimidation: “If you get in our way we will ruin your life.”

As with individuals, so with institutions. Universities are being threatened with loss of research grants unless they take orders from the White House. Law firms are being threatened with loss of access unless they do pro-bono work on behalf of the administration. Corporations are being threatened with punitive tariffs unless they support administration policies — and, in the case of Intel, hand over part ownership of the company.

This newsletter usually focuses on economics, and I could go on at length about the ways rule by intimidation will hurt the economy. There’s a whole economics literature devoted to the costs when an economy is dominated by “rent-seeking” — when business success depends on political connections rather than producing things people want. I’ve been writing a series of primers on stagflation. One of the way things could go very badly wrong would be politicization of the Federal Reserve, with monetary policy dictated by Trump’s whims, and it would be even worse if Fed policy is driven by officials’ fear of what will happen if they don’t follow Trump’s orders.

It's also important to realize that the Fed does more than set interest rates. It’s also an important regulator of the financial system, a job that will be deeply compromised if Fed governors can be bullied by personal threats.

But there’s much more at stake here than the economy. What we’re witnessing is the authoritarian playbook in action. Tyrannies don’t always get their way by establishing a secret police force that arrests people at will — although we’re getting that too. Much of their power comes not from overt violence but from their ability to threaten people’s careers and livelihoods, up to and including trumped-up accusations of criminal behavior.

Which brings me, finally, to the accusations against Lisa Cook. According to Bill Pulte, the ultra-MAGA director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, Cook applied for mortgages on two properties, claiming both as her primary residence. This isn’t allowed, because banks offer more favorable mortgage terms on your primary residence than on investment properties.

Borrowers do sometimes commit deliberate fraud, claiming multiple properties as their primary residence when they always intended to rent them out. For example, Ken Paxton, Texas’s Attorney General, claimed three houses as his primary residence, renting out two of them, and has also rented out at least two properties that he listed as vacation homes. Somehow, however, Pulte hasn’t highlighted his case, let alone threatened him with a 30-year prison sentence.

The truth is that even when clear mortgage fraud has taken place, it almost always leads to an out-of-court settlement, with fees paid to the lender, rather than a criminal case. In 2024, only 38 people in America were sentenced for mortgage fraud. No, I’m not missing some zeroes.

So did Cook say something false on her mortgage applications? Pulte says so, but I’d wait for verification. Also, false statements on mortgage applications are only a crime if they’re made knowingly, which is a high bar. And nothing at all about this story is relevant to Cook’s role at the Federal Reserve. If the administration thinks it has enough evidence to bring charges, it should bring charges, not demand that she quit her job.

The important thing to understand is that we are all Lisa Cook. You may imagine that your legal and financial history is so blameless that there’s no way MAGA can come after you. If you believe that, you’re living in a fantasy world. Criticize them or get in their way, and you will become a target.

Paul Krugman is a Nobel Prize-winning economist and former professor at MIT and Princeton who now teaches at the City University of New York's Graduate Center. From 2000 to 2024, he wrote a column for The New York Times. Please consider subscribing to his Substack.

Reprinted with permission from Substack.

Biden's Federal  Reserve Nominees Come Under Right-Wing Attack

Biden's Federal  Reserve Nominees Come Under Right-Wing Attack

Washington (AFP) - Though set up as an institution operating above the partisan fray in Washington, the Federal Reserve has again become a political football, with Republicans and business groups attacking President Joe Biden's nominees to serve on the central bank's board.

Biden last month announced a slate of candidates who would at long last fill all the seats of the seven-member board, and include the first Black woman to hold the position since the Fed was founded 108 years ago.

If all three are confirmed, the majority of the board members would be women for the first time, and most would be named by a Democratic president.

Critics say the choices threaten to inject a political slant into the Fed's management of the economy just as it pivots to fighting inflation, which threatens to undermine the recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic.

But economists and Fed watchers say the criticisms are unfounded and in some cases racially motivated.

The Senate Banking Committee is scheduled to hold a hearing Thursday to consider the nominations of Lisa Cook, an economics professor at Michigan State University, who would be the first African American woman to serve as Fed governor.

Lawmakers will also consider Philip Jefferson, of Davidson College, who would be the fourth Black man to serve on the body.

For the powerful post of Fed vice chair for supervision, which oversees the nation's banks, Biden tapped Sarah Bloom Raskin.

She previously served as Fed governor and in a senior role at the Treasury Department under former president Barack Obama, as well as the top state bank regulator in Maryland. She is married to Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD).

Biden also renominated Jerome Powell to a second term as Fed chair, and named current board member Lael Brainard to serve as vice chair. They are awaiting Senate confirmation.

Race And Climate

The White House said the picks "will bring long overdue diversity to the leadership of the Federal Reserve."

But Senator Pat Toomey, the ranking Republican on the Senate Banking Committee, complained about a lack of "diversity" among nominees to the board, which does not have anyone from the energy industry.

His complaints, echoed by the US Chamber of Commerce, center on Raskin, charging she would be overly aggressive in focusing on banks' roles in fighting climate change.

She has called for the Fed to ensure financial institutions take climate risks into consideration, something Powell also endorses.

Toomey's concerns are the mirror image of opposition expressed by some Democrats to Powell's nomination for a second term at the helm of the central bank, who argue he is not focused enough on climate change.

Racially Motivated Attacks?

Conservative political commentator George Will has accused the Fed of being politicized, writing in a column that Cook's "peer-reviewed academic writings pertinent to monetary policy are, to be polite, thin."

However other board members, including Powell, are not trained economists.

"I just don't understand the backlash," said Diane Swonk, chief economist at Grant Thornton. "It just really seems to be pretty biased."

Cook and Jefferson have researched inequality in the labor market, a topic Powell has repeatedly highlighted as important, since the Fed works to ensure the benefits of economic expansions reach all parts of society.

Swonk called Cook a "phenomenal" candidate.

Biden's nominees "bring enormous depth to the Fed at a time when" the central bank is "finally acknowledging inequality and what it costs us," she told AFP.

Amid the attacks, the National Economic Association issued a statement supporting Cook and Jefferson, both past presidents of the organization, that called them "uniquely and exceptionally qualified."

Republican Support

David Wessel, senior fellow at The Brookings Institution and a longtime Fed watcher, dismissed the criticisms about qualifications, saying they impose a "double standard" on Cook.

"The whole point of having a seven-member Federal Reserve Board... is to represent a cross section of America," he told AFP.

"Nobody wants to have a Federal Reserve Board... that's all white guys who went to the same three Ivy League schools."

The nominees also have won Republican support.

Kevin Hassett, a top economist under former president Donald Trump, praised Jefferson as "exactly the type of economist who should be at the Fed at this difficult time."

Representative Patrick McHenry, the top Republican on the House Financial Services committee, which oversees the Fed in the lower chamber of Congress, highlighted Raskin's "long history of distinguished government service."

Trump Withdraws Moore Fed Nomination With Abrupt Tweet

Trump Withdraws Moore Fed Nomination With Abrupt Tweet

Reprinted with permission from Alternet.

It’s a sad story of two nominees to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors who were never really nominees at all.

President Donald Trump announced that CNN analyst Stephen Moore and former presidential candidate Herman Cain would be his next picks for Fed. Both are personal supporters of the president and, not coincidentally, they are both right-wing hacks with wacky — and often blatantly wrong — views of economics. Both also had disturbing personal histories, which appears to be what tanked both of their nominations — nominations that were never even officially sent to the Senate.

The tanking of Moore’s nomination on Thursday was particularly humiliating for a man Trump supposedly considers a friend. Early in the day, Bloomberg News published a story about Moore projecting confidence about his chances for confirmation.

“I’m all in,” Moore had told the outlet.

“My biggest ally is the president,” he said. “He’s full speed ahead.”

Just about two hours later, Trump ended his hopes for the role on Twitter.

Of course, the writing had been on the wall for days, and there was always reason to believe his nomination would be a struggle. In the past week, senators were openly talking about his dwindling chances, citing his misogynistic comments, racism, and dubious financial history — including unpaid taxes and alimony.

Cain, too, has a damaging history — there have been at least four different allegations of sexual harassment against him. Cain retained a small measure of his dignity by at least appearing to withdrawn voluntarily from consideration, rather than being directly undercut by the president.

Somewhat unfortunately, though, it didn’t seem that Moore’s and Cain’s rank partisanship and unfounded economic beliefs would have been enough to disqualify them on their own. This raises concerns about whether Trump may be able to successfully put forward other charlatans for the Fed if they happen to have less baggage.

 

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