Tag: inflation
Trump's Obsession With His 'Beautiful' Tariffs Is Getting Even Crazier

Trump's Obsession With His 'Beautiful' Tariffs Is Getting Even Crazier

Some kids will have a favorite toy or stuffed animal that they latch onto and keep with them at all times. It can be cute, and they usually grow out of it, so there’s no real harm. It’s a bit different when the kid is the president of the United States and the item he chooses to latch onto is a major policy tool that he does not understand at all.

The item of course is tariffs, which Donald Trump has pronounced as the “most beautiful word in the English language.” This alone should be 25th Amendment stuff. Tariffs are taxes on imports, nothing more, nothing less.How can a type of tax be the most beautiful word in the English language? Imagine someone getting teary eyed and sentimental over “gasoline taxes” or maybe “land transfer taxes.” This is real whack job stuff.

But even worse, Trump doesn’t seem to understand the object of his love at all. He seems to believe that foreign countries are paying the tariffs. He often talks about them as though the Chinese, Korean, or Canadian governments are sending us checks to pay his tariffs.

That is absurd on its face. The tariffs are taxes paid at our ports by the company that imports the product. There is a possibility that the exporters lower their prices to offset the tariffs. To some extent this does happen, but research shows that only a small share -- five to 15 percent -- of the tariff is offset in the form of lower prices charged by exporters. This means that the overwhelming majority of Trump’s tariffs are paid by businesses and consumers in the United States.

And we already have the data on this with Trump’s tariffs. The price we pay, not including the tariffs, for our imports has been rising since Trump’s “Liberation Day,” not falling. This means there is no doubt, people here are paying the bulk of Trump’s tariffs, not anyone in foreign countries.

But Trump’s tariff craziness goes further. He is obviously very concerned that the Supreme Court will rule against him on the legality of his tariffs. They may decide that the first paragraph of section 8 of the Constitution, laying out the powers of Congress which says Congress has the power to impose taxes, means something like Congress has the power to impose taxes. That would mean that Trump would have to end most of his taxes and likely refund the money he raised.

Trump clearly seems to view this as a disaster. He constantly whines over this prospect. He has even taken to claiming that the Supreme Court was given “wrong” numbers on the revenue raised from his tariffs.

This is incredibly crazy for two reasons. First, Trump’s lawyers were the ones giving the court the numbers. Is he claiming that his own lawyers gave inaccurate numbers to the Supreme Court? If that were really the case, the President who is best known for his role in The Apprentice, should have used his signature “you’re fired” line at the point his case was argued.

The other reason Trump’s claim is totally crazy is he somehow came up with the number of $3 trillion as the amount that would have to be refunded. This number is beyond absurd. In a full year, our goods imports are roughly $3 trillion. Does Trump think he imposed 100 percent tariffs on all goods imports? And most of his tariffs have only been in place for half a year.

But the crazy gets worse. Trump insists that tariff revenues are about to skyrocket, as companies have drawn down inventories and will now have to bring in more goods on which they will be paying his tariffs.

There are several problems with this latest Trump story. First there is no evidence that inventories are unusually low right now. The most recent data we have show them to be somewhat higher than at the same point last year.

The second problem is one of simple logic. If tariff revenue is about to soar that would mean that imports and our trade deficit are about to soar. Trump had promised to bring our trade deficit down. Is he now claiming that it is about to go sharply higher?

But the third problem from Trump’s claim is that, if true, it would mean that we will soon be paying much higher taxes. This means that the problem of high prices and affordability that has gotten so many people upset will soon get much worse. That would be very bad news for the tens of millions of people struggling to make ends meet and a big hit to the economy’s growth.

The good part of the story is that the prospect of soaring tariffs is a Trumpian fantasy. If anything, tariff revenue is likely to be somewhat lower in the months ahead as Trump has reduced tariffs on bananas, coffee, and a number of other food items.

Also, as trade patterns adjust to higher prices, import volumes will inevitably fall. The process will be accelerated as foreign companies and countries increasingly recognize that the United States is no longer a reliable trading partner and instead look to other markets. For these reasons, the taxes we pay for Trump’s tariffs will be going down, not up.

But the bad news is that Trump clearly has no idea what he is talking about when it comes to his signature policy. He has no idea of the magnitudes or mechanisms involved in what he calls the most beautiful word in the English language. Maybe Trump doesn’t know English very well.

Inherited Conditions: Biden Left Trump The Best Economy In Half A Century

Inherited Conditions: Biden Left Trump The Best Economy In Half A Century

Donald Trump may not be able to remember what things were like five years ago, when he handed the economy and the country to Joe Biden, but it is important that the rest of us do. As in so many other areas where Trump tries to turn reality on its head, he pushes the story of Biden inheriting a great economy, which he then wrecked. The reality is the opposite, Biden turned around an economy in shambles due to the pandemic, and handed off an economy that was widely touted as the envy of the world.

The most important reversal was in the labor market. More than 19 million people were laid off in the pandemic shutdowns in the spring of 2020. Many quickly came back to work in the summer and fall, but the huge bounce back had stopped by the time Biden took office.

Job growth averaged just 150,000 in the last three months of the Trump administration. In fact, the economy actually lost jobs in December of 2020, so it is clearly wrong to imagine that there was a surge of rehiring at the time Biden took office. Employment was still 9.4 million below its pre-pandemic peak in January of 2021. The unemployment rate stood at 6.4 percent.

Biden’s recovery package quickly turned the economy around. Unemployment was down to 4.0 percent by the end of 2021. Employment levels regained the lost ground by June of 2022. It would have taken more than six years to get back to pre-pandemic employment levels at the rate of job growth in the last three months of the Trump administration.

One cost of Biden’s aggressive recovery package was a surge in inflation. The year-over-year inflation rate began to rise rapidly from pandemic lows, peaking at 9.0 percent in June of 2022. Clearly the recovery package contributed to this increase, but most of the story is the world-wide supply chain crisis stemming from the pandemic. (The surge in energy prices following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine was also a big factor pushing inflation higher.)

The story here is straightforward. As a result of the pandemic, people were not spending money on services like restaurants and travel. Instead, they spent it on goods, like appliances, television sets, and cars. The world could not meet this huge surge in demand, especially at a time when many production and shipping facilities were still crippled by the pandemic.

It is also important to recognize that this shift from services to goods was not the result of governmental restrictions. It was due to people not wanting to go into crowds and risk getting a potentially deadly disease that they could then transmit to friends and family members. Service spending did not return to its pre-pandemic share of consumption until early 2024.

However, the rate of inflation fell quickly. By the fall of 2024 the year-over-year rate was down to 2.5 percent, only slightly above the Fed’s 2.0 percent target. It’s also important to note that wages outpaced inflation over the Biden years, with the lowest paid workers seeing the largest real wage gains in more than half a century. It’s also important to note an increase of 20 million in the number of people who work from home, which is estimated as equivalent to a wage gain of 8 percent.

Finally, there is the question of overall economic growth. The economy had an unprecedented plunge in the spring of 2020 associated with pandemic shutdowns. It shot back in the summer and fall, but it had lost momentum by the end of the year. GDP in the fourth quarter was still 0.9 percent below its year ago level.

The recovery package quickly ramped up growth. The economy had some shaky times due to supply chains issues, two subsequent and unanticipated waves of covid in the summer of 2021 and winter of 2022, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the sharp rate hikes by the Fed beginning in March of 2022. But it had settled down to a healthy pace of growth by 2024, with a year-over-year rate of 2.4 percent in the fourth quarter. That is the economy Joe Biden handed off to Donald Trump.

Source: BLS and BEA

It would be foolish to say everything was great when Biden left office. The United States has a badly undeveloped system of social supports. Tens of millions of people struggle to put food on the table, pay the rent, and cover medical bills. But by almost every measure most of the country was doing better in 2024 than they had been doing in 2020 or even before the pandemic in 2019.

Donald Trump might want people to forget this fact, but just because he has memory problems, it doesn’t mean the rest of us should.

Dean Baker is a senior economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research and the author of the 2016 book Rigged: How Globalization and the Rules of the Modern Economy Were Structured to Make the Rich Richer. Please consider subscribing to his Substack.

Reprinted with permission from Dean Baker.

AI Bubble Drives Up Prices, Harms The Environment And Deserves To Burst

AI Bubble Drives Up Prices, Harms The Environment And Deserves To Burst

I heard people who read the column I wrote last week on the AI bubble complain that, by rooting for its collapse, I was hoping for the failure of the U.S. economy. Nothing could be further from the truth.

The logic of a run-up in asset prices being a bubble is that it is not grounded in reality; it is fake. The best analogy would be counterfeit money. Suppose some brilliant person devised a way to make up trillions of dollars of counterfeit money that we would all accept as real money, because we couldn’t tell the difference.

While the counterfeiter was working at their printing press, it might actually look like a good thing for the economy. After all, they and their friends would be buying all sorts of things with their counterfeit money. This would be driving demand in the economy and creating jobs. If someone exposed the counterfeiters, this demand and the jobs they create would disappear.

This is all true, but a deeper look shows the darker side. First, they don’t just create demand, they also drive up prices. This can be seen very clearly with the AI bubble.

Most immediately, data centers are massive power hogs. They are the main reason electricity prices have gone up more than 7.0 percent in the last year. Electricity inflation is likely to be even more rapid in the year ahead as Trump cancels wind and solar facilities that were supposed to come online in the near future.

In addition to driving up electricity prices, these data centers also generate pollution. This is not just the global impact of greenhouse gas emissions, but also the local impact of pollutants from coal or gas-powered plants. Also, the data centers are huge water hogs, requiring millions of gallons annually for cooling the computer systems.

Without an AI bubble, we would be building data centers at a much slower pace. And they would be doing far less damage to the environment. And the workers building the data centers might be building things we need more, like housing.

There is also inflation resulting from the fortunes that AI has generated due to the run-up in AI-related stocks. Big shareholders have the ability to buy more and bigger homes. This is certainly a factor behind sky high house prices in desirable cities like New York, San Francisco, Seattle, and Los Angeles.

These cities do all need more housing, but the fact that multi-millionaires can afford huge houses and multiple huge houses, surely also plays a role. If their AI stock prices fell back to earth maybe they would only be able to afford a somewhat normal very rich person’s house and maybe just one or two, rather five or ten.

And there would be less money devoted to all the high-end services devoted to the ultra-rich gang. That means fewer doctors and health care personnel committed to elaborate cosmetic surgeries, leaving more room to provide healthcare to normal people. And we would have fewer high-end restaurants, high-fashion stores, and other businesses catering to the whims of the rich and very rich.

And the AI gang would have less money to buy politicians and media outlets to enrich themselves even further. A good crash of the AI bubble, along with crypto, would give the rest of us more of a fighting chance to save democracy. Letting the rich get so much control over the means of communication was a political failing of catastrophic proportions, but there may still be an opportunity to set things right.

Anyhow, we can’t know when or how the AI bubble will burst. But no one should ever be hesitant to hope that a bubble will burst. Perhaps I and others have misidentified it as a bubble, but if we are right in that characterization, the sooner it bursts, the better. No apologies.

The Issue That Won Trump Another Term Is Now His Worst Nightmare

The Issue That Won Trump Another Term Is Now His Worst Nightmare

President Donald Trump won in 2024 because of the economy. He promised voters he’d lower prices on Day 1, and people foolishly believed him. But what does he care? A candidate has one job—to get elected—and he managed to do it.

That same focus on cost-of-living issues also powered Zohran Mamdani’s rise from relative obscurity to becoming New York’s Democratic nominee for mayor. He put affordability at the center of his campaign and surged past better-known rivals. It’s a model Democrats will lean on through next year’s midterms and into the 2028 cycle—not only because it works, but because it’s right. If the government doesn’t exist to make people’s lives better, then what’s the point?

That’s why the latest Economist/YouGov poll should set off alarms for Republican strategists everywhere. Nearly one-half of respondents listed top concerns that reflect the basic costs and conditions of everyday life: inflation (24 percent), jobs (12 percent), and health care (11 percent). Those just happen to be the issues where Republicans are weakest.

Trump broke through with some lower-income voters in 2024, seizing on their anger over rising prices. But that anger hasn’t gone away: It has turned back on him. His supporters still feel the pinch, and no slogan or scapegoat will fix that. Inflation is the one issue he can’t talk his way out of, and it’s only getting worse.

Beyond so-called illegal immigration, which remains a reliably conservative rallying cry, the Republican base is restless over economic anxiety. And that’s fertile ground for Democrats. And they don’t have to win over all those restless voters—just a fraction would reshape the map.

Trump’s approval rating remains deeply underwater (38 percent approve, 54 perce disapprove), with many conservatives souring on his performance. Moderates, meanwhile, have largely abandoned him. Among those who voted for Trump in 2024, a meaningful share—15 percent—now disapprove of the job he’s doing. Between disaffected Trump voters and those who stayed home last time, there’s an opening big enough to matter.

Perhaps the most revealing number in the poll shows how people see the economy itself. Only a small minority (19 percent) think things are improving, and even among Trump voters, less than half say the economy is getting better. Normally, partisans rally around their own president, claiming optimism out of loyalty.

Not this time. A significant slice of Trump’s base thinks the economy is heading in the wrong direction. That’s new—and dangerous—for him.It’s no coincidence that roughly one in five Trump voters think the economy is getting worse, disapprove of his presidency, and list inflation as their top concern. That cluster of discontent could be enough to swing close races or, just as crucially, depress Republican turnout altogether.

Add to that a broad majority of independents who think things are worsening, and Democrats have a real opportunity to expand their coalition.

Markos Moulitsas is founder and editor of the blogging website Daily Kos and author of three books.

Reprinted with permission from Daily Kos

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